What is prostate brachytherapy?

Prostate brachytherapy is a radiation therapy technique employed for the treatment of prostate cancer. This approach entails the insertion of radioactive sources into the prostate gland, wherein the radiation targets and destroys cancer cells while minimising harm to surrounding healthy tissue.

There are different types of prostate brachytherapy procedures:

• High dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy: This temporary form of prostate brachytherapy involves the placement of radioactive sources within the prostate A high dose of radiation is delivered in a short period, typically a few minutes, after which the sources are removed. Treatment may require multiple sessions.
• Low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy: This permanent form of prostate brachytherapy entails the insertion of radioactive seeds into the prostate These seeds remain in place permanently and gradually release radiation over several months.

When is prostate brachytherapy indicated?

Prostate brachytherapy may be indicated as a treatment option for prostate cancer in certain cases. The decision to use prostate brachytherapy is typically based on various factors, including the stage and grade of cancer, the overall health of the patient, and their individual preferences. It is commonly considered in the following situations:

• Early-stage prostate cancer: Prostate brachytherapy is often recommended for patients with localised prostate cancer that is confined to the prostate gland and has not spread to other areas of the body.
• Low to intermediate-risk prostate cancer: It may be a suitable treatment choice for patients with low to intermediate-risk prostate cancer, which refers to cancers that are less likely to grow rapidly or spread aggressively.
• Patients with smaller prostate glands: Prostate brachytherapy is particularly beneficial for patients with smaller prostate glands, as it allows for precise targeting of radiation to the affected area while minimising exposure to surrounding healthy tissues.
• Patients seeking a less invasive treatment option: Brachytherapy is considered a minimally invasive procedure compared to other treatment methods like surgery, and it may be preferred by patients who wish to avoid more invasive interventions.

How is prostate brachytherapy performed?

The experience of prostate brachytherapy depends on the type of treatment received. In low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy, also known as seed implants, radioactive sources are permanently placed in the prostate. The procedure is performed under anaesthesia, and an ultrasound-guided needle is used to insert rice-sized radioactive seeds into the prostate. Afterwards, you will spend time in a recovery area before going home.

Precautions may include avoiding close contact with children and pregnant women temporarily. In high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy, radioactive sources are inserted temporarily for several minutes through tubes placed in the prostate. Anaesthesia is used, and the procedure may be repeated multiple times. After treatment, there are no special precautions required.